Scienve V Religion Essay - 628 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Creation v Evolution nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"Where do I come from?† This is a common question that all children ask their parents at some time in their lives. Usually they are given a simplistic answer. However, as one gets older the answers get more complicated. One must decide whether to believe in science or religion. Religion is based on faith and the supernatural. Science is knowledge obtained and tested through the scientific method. Many people believe the science or religion explanation to know from where they come. However, there is no concrete answer. Many different views have been debated and remain in question today. This paper will focus on each viewpoint. Growing up in New Jersey, I was†¦show more content†¦Fossils and other evidence show that humans come from primates. This is not surprising since humans are almost identical to a chimpanzee. Evolution theory states that in the beginning, very simple life forms began gradually appearing. These simple life forms gradua lly change to complex ones, and there have been â€Å"links† between the different kinds, such as fishes and primates. They both have the same types of bones and seem to be related to a common ancestor. Traces of an organism’s ancestry sometimes remain even when an orgainisms development is complete. These are called vestigial structures. For example, many snakes have rudimentary pelvic bones. Vestigial does not mean useless, i means the structure is a vestige of a structure inherited from an ancestral organism. People in this society are brought up to think scientifically, to do experiments in school, to admire doctors, and scientists. However, some people believe in a divine creator. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Creationists believe in a divine creator, God. Creationism relies on God’s miraculous work to explain the origin of the universe, of life, and of different kinds of plants and animals on Earth. According to the creationist view, God willed everything into existence. Creationists believe that fossil records fail to provide a link between diverse groups. Creationists believe that the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics is one of the major problems

The Copernican Plan Scheduling of Classes Free Essays

These days public school districts seem to be under attack for their quantity not quality education standards. These school districts face big problems in attempting to deliver quality education to their customers, the students. How can a school district enhance the quality of time that students spend in the classroom, provide more time for collaboration and coordination among it’s professional staff members, promote continuous professional development, and do so with as few dollars as possible? A current solution is The Copernican Plan devised by Joseph M. We will write a custom essay sample on The Copernican Plan: Scheduling of Classes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Carroll. This is a unique scheduling plan that reduces the number of classes that a student takes at any one time. There are many variations of the Copernican Plan. In one variation the student takes 2 macro-classes in the morning. Each class is approximately 100 minutes long and is taken for only one 60-day trimester. During the afternoon the student would take 2 exploratory classes. Schools using the Copernican Plan have routinely increased standardized scores, attendance, and teacher collaboration time. According to current research, the Copernican Plan can help almost every U.S. high school decrease its average class size, increase its course offerings, substantially reduce teaching load, provide students with regularly scheduled seminars, establish a productive learning environment, and substantially increase learning mastery within present funding levels. Overall, the Copernican Plan changes school scheduling by lengthening instructional periods for fewer and smaller classes. The system should improve teacher-student relationships, lighten workloads, and introduce innovative evaluation and learning systems. As a future teacher, I might favor using the Copernican Plan to create an adequate learning environment for my students. Along with using this program, I would have the opportunity to collaborate with my teacher peers. Working together brainstorming and providing feedback for others will enhance the learning environment we provide for our students. How to cite The Copernican Plan: Scheduling of Classes, Papers

An Inspector Calls Essay On Responsibility Example For Students

An Inspector Calls Essay On Responsibility In the play An Inspector Calls, the Birling family and Gerald Croft are taught a lesson by the Inspector about responsibility and looking after each other.  When Mr Birling fired Eva Smith he was, in his opinion, acting in the interest of his business. However, there could be more to it than that. He says, Shed had a lot to say far too much so she had to go. He fired Eva because he believed she was too confident and spoke out about what she believed in, which was likely to cause trouble for his business. In his opinion, girls of that class should not be allowed to do this they were there to be ordered about and to do exactly what he said. Surely firing Eva Smith because of this is being irresponsible? Throughout the play, Birling never takes responsibility for her death. Still, I cant accept any responsibility. After the Inspector has gone, he is only interested in covering up his actions and he does not care about what he has done to an innocent girl. He is so wrapped up in his own affairs that he refuses to take any responsibility for the people around him. Instead, he tries to shift the blame onto others, even his son. Youre the one I blame for this. In my opinion, he is one of the most irresponsible characters in the play. Sheila, being young and quite nave, has more of an excuse for acting irresponsibly than her parents. When she had Eva fired from Millwards, she was being petty and immature. She had been brought up in such a protected surrounding that she didnt realise what it was like in the real world she didnt know how hard it was for a girl of Eva Smiths social standing to find a job. Sheila decided to take away the opportunity of a lifetime for Eva from her with one fell swoop. She didnt see how serious the effects of this would be for Eva. This is anything but being responsible. The difference, however, between Birling and his daughter is that Sheila learnt from what she did and later took responsibility for Eva Smiths death. I know. I had her turned out of a job. I started it. This shows us how Sheila has matured throughout the evening and how she is a better person than her parents. The fact that she regretted her actions and learnt a lesson does not take away the fact that she acted very irresponsibly in getting Eva Smith fired. Gerald is, in my opinion, one of the most conniving and manipulative characters in the play. His affair with Eva Smith was undoubtedly irresponsible and traitorous. He was meant to be busy at the works when he was actually seeing Eva Smith instead of Sheila. He likes to see himself as a public man, someone who sets an example to others. He is certainly not setting a good example by being unfaithful. During the play he says, Were respectable citizens and not criminals. Gerald still keeps up the pretence that he is respectable, even when he is being anything but this. Like Mr Birling, he is more concerned about covering up his actions after the Inspector has gone and he does not really show any further regret about the death of Eva Smith. Throughout the play he shows himself to be an easy liar. So for Gods sake dont say anything to the Inspector. The fact that a man of Geralds age uses lying as a way to get out of predicaments shows how immature and irresponsible he really is. .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .postImageUrl , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:hover , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:visited , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:active { border:0!important; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:active , .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u593b2956280ece4a8e98c1f049e7e0ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay Plan An Inspector CallsMrs Birling is described in the stage directions as being a rather cold woman. This is certainly true as we see throughout the play. She turned down Eva Smith because she considered her to be impertinent. Mrs Birlings crime was quite similar in its pettiness to Sheilas. Being a prominent member of a charity committee and being an older person, she should have cared and she should have been able to recognise someone who was in desperate need of help. However, just because she didnt like her manner she turned down her claim. Mrs Birling has responsibilities to help all those in need but she refused to abide by these. This shows her to be self-absorbed and, like her husband, irresponsible. She remains convinced throughout the play that her actions had nothing to do with Evas death. Simply because Ive done nothing wrong and you know it. She has been brought up to believe that the upper class should not mix with the lower class and that she shouldnt be responsible for anyone else but herself. Eric is shown up in the play to be a foolish drunk. The very fact that he drinks so much shows how irresponsible he is and how he uses alcohol to wash away his troubles. His crime was that he had a drunken liaison with Eva Smith and consequently got her pregnant. This shows a serious lack of sense and maturity on his part. What is different about Eric is, however, that he took responsibility for his actions and tried to help Eva by giving her money. By doing this, Eric showed himself to be a gentleman and someone with a conscience which is more than can be said for his Father. Like Sheila, he shows that he has learnt a lesson after the Inspector leaves and that he is not just concerned about covering his actions up. Birling: Therell be a public scandal. Eric: Well I dont care now. In my opinion, Eric was the most responsible member of the Birling family. We do not learn much about the personality of Eva Smith in the play, but from what we hear of her actions it is easy to come to the conclusion that she had moral standards and felt responsibility for her actions. She had the confidence and courage to come forward and demand better pay for her fellow-workers this involves taking on a huge responsibility which she was willing to do. You could argue, however, that having an affair with an engaged man, of a different class, was not very responsible. Whether it is true that she was really laughing at Sheila in Millwards is not known, but if she was then this shows a different, more foolish side to her. The fact that she refuses to accept stolen money from Eric shows her to be a sincere and honest person. I believe that Eva Smith was a superior person to all of the Birlings, despite their apparent divisions in class. The Inspectors moral beliefs are socialist, as seen through his final speech. We are responsible for each other. He came to the Birlings house to show them the error of their ways and to try to teach them to be better people. Taking on this task is in itself a responsibility. Out of all the characters in the play, the Inspector represents responsibility and moral standards.  One of the main themes to the play An Inspector Calls is that we all need to look out for each other and act responsibly and be aware of the effects of our actions on others. This is something which needed to be brought to attention to the Birling family, although some of them still refused to accept that even after the Inspector pointed this out to them. The play shows that we can learn responsibility, examples of this being how Eric and Sheila changed their attitude to Eva.

What Is Realism Essay Example For Students

What Is Realism Essay Realism is the movement toward representing reality as it is, in art. Realistic drama is an attempt to portray life on stage, a movement away from the conventional melodramas and sentimental comedies of the 1700s. It is expressed in theatre through the use of symbolism, character development, stage setting and storyline and is exemplified in plays such as Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House and Anton Chekhov’s The Three Sisters. The arrival of realism was indeed good for theatre as it promoted greater audience involvement and raised awareness of contemporary social and moral issues. It also provided and continues to provide a medium through which playwrights can express their views about societal values, attitudes and morals. A Doll’s House is the tragedy of a Norwegian housewife who is compelled to challenge law, society and her husband’s value system. It can be clearly recognized as a realistic problem drama, for it is a case where the individual is in opposition to a hostile society. Ibsen’s sympathy with the feminine cause has been praised and criticized; as he requires the audience to judge the words and actions of the characters in order to reassess the values of society. We will write a custom essay on What Is Realism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The characters in A Doll’s House are quite complex and contradictory, no longer stereotypes. In Act II, Nora expresses her repulsion about a fancy dress worn to please Torvald (her husband): â€Å"I wish I’d torn it to pieces†; she attempts to restore it and resign herself to her situation right after: â€Å"I’ll ask Mrs Linde to help†. In Act III, Torvald ignores his wife’s plea for forgiveness in order to make a moral judgement: â€Å"You’ve killed my happiness. You’ve destroyed my future†. â€Å"I can never trust you again. † Later on in the same act, he contradicts himself: â€Å"I’ll change. I can change-†; much after Nora confronts him: â€Å"Sit here, Torvald. We have to come to terms†. â€Å"? There’s a lot to say†. Here, Ibsen shows us he has worked in depth with the psychology of the characters, giving them a sense of complexity and realism. Playgoers therefore recognize the revelation of characters through memory. Thus drama became an experience closely impinging on the conscience of the audience. Ibsen was also unique for his use of symbolism to assist realism on stage. Symbolic significance is presented through the detail of design, props and actions of the characters. For example, in Act III, Nora goes offstage to get changed; â€Å"I’m changing. No more fancy dress†. It is a symbolic representation of her personal change, one where she has come to the realization that she has been living the life of a doll, confined to the roles of a â€Å"featherbrain†, â€Å"plaything†, â€Å"dove†, â€Å"skylark† and â€Å"songbird†. Thus, symbolism enhanced realism, and its effect can be seen as positive in the sense that it stirred conscious awareness of values. The stage settings of A Doll’s House are an integral part of the theatrical design, and not mere dcor to be overlooked. The setting in Act II; â€Å" he Christmas tree stands stripped of its decorations and with its candles burnt to stumps† is symbolic of the lack of happiness in Nora’s life at that moment. Also the change of setting in Act III; â€Å"The tables and chairs have been moved centre† foreshadows a character change that will take place in Nora. The many references to doors also have significance beyond the stage directions. The play begins with the opening of the door and finishes with the â€Å"slamming† of the door. Nora enters the doll’s house with the values of society and departs from it, symbolizing her rejection of them. All these intricacies of play settings and characters depict realism on stage. Ultimately, it has been good for theatre because it presents the playwright’s ideas in interesting and original ways. Realism, as expressed through symbolism, also draws the attention of the audience, thus stimulating moral thought, and stirring reaction. Realism is also defined as art-imitating life (source). This is a fitting account of Anton Chekhov’s plays, for they tend to show the stagnant, helpless quality of Russian society in the late C19th. .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .postImageUrl , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:hover , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:visited , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:active { border:0!important; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:active , .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9 .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud37262b8f3e3c96ed28316fc135b65a9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Wassup EssayQuite evident in The Three Sisters, when Tuzenbakh illustrates realism; â€Å"The suffering we see around us these days – and there’s plenty of it – is at least a sign that society has reached a certain moral level. † Hence, while the portrayal of life here seemed ‘gloomy and pessimestic’, it was still good for theatre in that it presented issues which audiences could identify with. It was also more intellectual theatre when the playwright could express their views, compared with the conventional dramas that merely played out fiction. Chekhov tends to portray people who are perpetually unsatisfied, such as Olga; â€Å"I felt my youth and energy draining away, drop by drop each day. Only one thing grows stronger and stronger, a certain longing. † (Act 1). This is reflective of Chekhov’s realistic character work, where people dream to improve their lives, but most fail. Realism here effectively presents harsh realities onstage, and not having to promote idealistic ways of life. Reality is difficult as Olga expresses; â€Å"What is all this for? Why all this suffering? The answer will be known one day, and then there will be no mysteries left, but till then, life must go on, we must work and work and think of nothing else. † (Act IV). Chekhov also exposes human foibles and anti-social tendencies, such as with the character Natasha; â€Å"you have so many people here. I feel awfully nervous? I am just not used to meeting new people. † Thus, audiences can sympathize and identify with characters, as these traits are reflective of certain aspects of the human condition. So realism in theatre has been good in the respect that it has greater impact when there are elements of truth in the play. In the final analysis, the arrival of realism has been good for theatre primarily because it promoted greater audience involvement. While the portrayal of realistic issues may have been contentious in some cases, such as in A Doll’s House, it nevertheless stirred reaction, which encouraged moral thought. However, one could argue that its arrival has lead to less use of the imagination. In either case, realism has raised awareness of social and moral issues and the playwright’s views serve to challenge the audience ultimately making theatre more interactive and interesting.

Student Relationship Essays

Teacher/Student Relationship Essays Teacher/Student Relationship Essay Teacher/Student Relationship Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Teacher/Student Relationship Education has always been considered as the key to success. It is however becoming more evident that the education system is increasingly becoming irrelevant. The irrelevance of the system is because of the pedagogical approaches that are aimed at forcing information on students in a manner that undermines the process of education. The banking concept of education by Paulo Freire depicts education as one that is keen on enhancing memorization rather than enhancing understanding. This system is teacher centered as opposed to learner centered. Many have agreed with this analysis and have advocated for a complete overhaul of the education system to one that takes into account students passions and interests to make learning a fulfilling experience. The movie â€Å"School of Rock† is an American musical comedy that depicts the kind f pedagogical experience that Paolo Freire is proposing where the teacher and the learner share a bond in the learning process that translates into tr ue knowledge. Freire contends that students and teachers have to become partners in the learning process. Dewey Finn is a struggling rock artist who has taken up a job as a teacher (Rudin). However, his teaching methods are not effective (Rudin). His teaching skills at this point are determined by his ability to deliver content. This depicts the traditional methods of education where the teacher is expected to act as a narrator (Freire 71). The concept o the narrator by Paolo Freire proposes that a teacher is the sole holder of information and that the students are expected to listen to what he teacher is saying without question. The teacher is deemed as being superior and that students have knowledge gaps that only the teacher can fill. In this sense, students’ brains are receptacles waiting to be filled. This in turn undermines critical thinking by learners where they are allowed to analyze and review the content being taught by the teacher (Freire 73). The situation Dewey Finn is faced with clearly illustrates the problem with the education system. The problem is that if the teacher is limited in their ability to be a ‘narrator’ then learning cannot take place. The education system as stipulated by Freire is one that requires the teacher to be versed with vast amount of knowledge, without which, the learning process stalls. The process of education according to Freire should be one that enhances communication between the teacher and the student. Freire argues that goals outlined in traditional or banking educational systems must be done away with and should be replaced â€Å"with the posing of the problems of human beings in their relations with the world† (Freire 75). Traditional teaching methods are better when they are used together with active teaching-learning strategies. Dewey Finn in teaching his class employs the use of traditional teaching methods while at the same time actively involving the class in the learning process. Dewey Finn, the substitute teacher realizes that his class is interested in music, especially pop and hip-hop (Rudin). He dedicates his time to improve his learners’ skills and assisting them to get ready for a competition dubbed â€Å"battle of the bans†. In the process, he reveals t his class the development of rock through history so that they can understand what it is they are learning. This is an aspect of traditional teaching process where teacher assumes the role of knowledge bearer. However, Dewey Finn as a teacher allows the class to practice music allowing them to be creative and produce their own material. Here, an integration of the traditional teaching approach and encouraging learner participa tion allows the student to develop a better appreciation of course content. In essence, this approach reduces learners need to memorize while at the same time improves the relationship between the learner and tutor. Problem posing education is a concept that focuses on practical or realistic application of concepts and theories that have been learned through education (Freire 81). The problem posing approach is effective in situation where learners need to use their cognitive ability and become creative during the learning process. In this sense, children must understand that what they learn in the classroom can help in shaping the world in which hey live. Freire proposes that when students are presented with problems rather than just information, then the education process is less alienated and becomes more practical. The teacher in this sense is â€Å"always cognitive† (Freire 80). The teacher engages the students in dialogue and conducts project that enhance the learners critical thinking. The movie shows that Dewey Finn is thinking critically when teaching his students. He is aware of his students’ musical interests in pop and hip-hop. He ensures that he is able to integrate all these interest into creating a class rock band. Music in itself is a process of critical thinking. Musical compositions require the composer to analyze musical choices to ensure that a composition constitutes harmony. Dewey Finn in the movie â€Å"School of Rock† in which his students were to perform during the battle of the bands competition. One important aspect of Dewey Finn as a teacher is that he is motivated to make his learners share the same passion he has for music. There is evidence in the movie that the learners are thinking critically. Music is inherently a creative process where critical thinking is vital. While the Dewey Finn was teaching his class a song for them to perform for the battle of the bands, the class finally performs a song â€Å"School of Rock† a song that as written by their lead guitarist Zack Mooneyham (Rudin). This is the embodiment of Freire’s position when he says that he teachers thought process achieves authenticity by the authenticity of his student’s thinking (Freire 77). In this sense, Dewey Finn managed to develop Zack Mooneyham’s ability to be creative without his help thus, qualifying Dewey Finns’ teaching methods. Oppression through education is the process through which the teacher inhibits the learner’s ability to think critically by using teaching methods that aim to store information in the learner’s brain rather than enhancing understanding. In this regard, the movie exhibits how Dewey Finn exercised educational freedom where learners have the ability to express opinions and ideas creating an interactive learning process and improving the teacher-learner relationship. The freedom of education has been expressed through the ability of students to come up with heir own musical compositions. The teacher in this sense does not oppress the learner’s creative mind by insisting on his knowledge. It is evident that the movie â€Å"School of Rock† ensures that learners enjoy the ability to explore their critical thinking capabilities. The movie has revealed that traditional teaching methods enhanced by banking of information are not effective in the learning process. The movie shows that traditional teaching methods make learning seem useless. This can be seen in when Dewey Finn is forced tom teach the actual content of the class assigned to him. The class is not as lively as when they are discussing music. In the music class, the students are lively and it is evident that the students are eager to learn since they ask questions and give opinions about what the teacher is saying. This is evidence that the class is actually thinking about what is taught during the lesson. This process allows the teacher and his students to cooperate in the learning process as partners (Freire 80). Freire, Paulo. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum, 1992. Print. Rudin, Scott, Mike White, Richard Linklater, Jack Black, Joan Cusack, Sarah Silverman, Lee Wilkof, Kate McGregor-Stewart, Adam Pascal, Suzzanne Douglass, Joey Gaydos, Miranda Cosgrove, Kevin Clark, Robert Tsai, Maryam Hassan, Rebecca Brown, Caitlin Hale, Rogier Stoffers, Sandra Adair, Craig Wedren, and Karen Patch. The School of Rock. Hollywood, Calif: Paramount, 2003.

Reforma migratoria de Trump y a quiénes afectaría

Reforma migratoria de Trump y a quià ©nes afectarà ­a De aprobarse la reforma migratoria que propone el Presidente Donald Trump, se modificarà ­a radicalmente la situacià ³n legal de un grupo de migrantes indocumentados, se eliminarà ­an y alterarà ­an algunos de los caminos ms comunes para sacar la tarjeta de residencia, y se reducirà ­a drsticamente el nà ºmero total de migrantes legales que se admiten anualmente en Estados Unidos. En este artà ­culo se explican cules son esas  propuestas, a quià ©nes afectarà ­a y cà ³mo es el proceso legislativo estadounidense necesario para que se aprueben y se conviertan en ley. Propuesta de reforma migratoria para los "Dreamers" Los Dreamers son los inmigrantes indocumentados que llegaron a los Estados Unidos siendo nià ±os. Cualquier tipo de reforma migratoria que se intente llevar a cabo, pasa por la necesidad de encontrar una salida legal a la situacià ³n de estos muchachos. Barack Obama, el anterior presidente, protegià ³ a 700.000 de ellos de la deportacià ³n y les permitià ³ obtener un permiso de trabajo cuando, mediante una accià ³n ejecutiva en 2012, creà ³ el programa de Accià ³n Diferida, conocido en inglà ©s por las siglas de DACA.   Sin embargo, en septiembre de 2017 y mediante otra  orden ejecutiva, el Presidente Trump puso fin a ese programa de forma escalonada y prohibià ³ presentar nuevas solicitudes. En  la actualidad, por decisià ³n judicial el gobierno est obligado a seguir procesando solicitudes de renovaciones, a la espera de que una corte dicte sobre la legalidad de la accià ³n ejecutiva que puso fin a DACA. De aprobarse la propuesta de reforma migratoria, se abrirà ­a un camino para estos muchachos hacia la ciudadanà ­a estadounidense, previa obtencià ³n de la residencia permanente, tambià ©n conocida como green card, en un proceso que podrà ­a demorarse entre 10 y 12 aà ±os. Se estima que esta propuesta beneficiarà ­a a un total de 1,8 millones de jà ³venes, es decir, los 700,000 de DACA y 1,1 millà ³n ms de personas que podrà ­an calificar. Para ellos supondrà ­a pasar de un estatus migratorio de indocumentado a uno legal. Reforma migratoria eliminarà ­agreen card por reunificacià ³n familiar Una de las iniciativas ms polà ©micas de  Trump  es la de poner fin a ciertas categorà ­as de peticià ³n de la tarjeta de residencia permanente para familiares.   Se eliminarà ­an, en primer lugar, las peticiones que, segà ºn la ley actual, pueden realizar los ciudadanos americanos en favor de sus padres, hermanos, hijos casados de cualquier edad e hijos solteros mayores de 21 aà ±os. Es decir, los ciudadanos solo podrà ­an pedir la green card para sus cà ³nyuges y para sus hijos solteros considerados como nià ±os (child, en inglà ©s segà ºn la terminologà ­a de las leyes migratorias).   En la actualidad, para la ley migratoria que rige este tipo de solicitudes, es considerado como nià ±o toda persona soltera menor de 21 aà ±os de edad. Algunas propuestas de reforma migratoria consideran rebajar a 18 aà ±os la consideracià ³n de nià ±o. En segundo lugar, segà ºn esta propuesta de reforma migratoria, tambià ©n se eliminarà ­an las peticiones de papeles efectuadas por residentes permanentes en favor de sus hijos solteros mayores de 21 aà ±os, de tal manera que los residentes permanentes solo podrà ­an pedir la green card para sus cà ³nyuges y para sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Tambià ©n en estos casos se considera rebajar la edad a los 18 aà ±os, en vez de los 21, que es la edad que aplica en la actualidad. Para justificar  esta medida de poner fin a ciertas categorà ­as de inmigracià ³n por reunificacià ³n familiar, Trump argumenta que, en realidad, es una forma de inmigracià ³n en cadena. Por ejemplo, un ciudadano puede pedir a un hermano y puede incluir en la misma solicitud a la esposa de este y a los hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Con el paso del tiempo, esas personas podrà ­an obtener la green card y, posteriormente, la ciudadanà ­a americana por naturalizacià ³n. A partir de ese momento, podrà ­an realizar sus propias peticiones. Por ejemplo, la cuà ±ada del ciudadano que realizà ³ la primera peticià ³n podrà ­a pedir a sus padres, hijos mayores de 21 aà ±os o hermanos. Asà ­, esas personas  emigrarà ­an a Estados Unidos meramente por razà ³n de sus lazos familiares, pero sin tener en consideracià ³n quà © le pueden aportar al paà ­s.   Si se aprobara una reforma migratoria eliminando las categorà ­as de peticiones de familia  mencionadas, se reducirà ­a automticamente en 400.000 personas el nà ºmero de inmigrantes que legalmente obtienen la green card en Estados Unidos por aà ±o fiscal. En este caso, los perjudicados serà ­an los 3,9 millones de personas que llevan aà ±os, y en algunos casos dà ©cadas, esperando  una visa de inmigrante disponible en su categorà ­a, como se puede verificar en el boletà ­n de visas que publica y actualiza cada mes el Departamento de Estado. Entre las personas que ms tiempo llevan esperando estn los hermanos y los hijos casados de ciudadanos americanos de Mà ©xico. Entre los perjudicados tambià ©n estarà ­an los ciudadanos y los residentes que presentaron la peticià ³n de papeles en favor de un familiar en una categorà ­a que se eliminarà ­a. Eliminacià ³n de la loterà ­a de visas de la diversidad Todos los aà ±os fiscales, se celebra un sorteo gratuito de tarjetas de residencia permanente que se conoce como loterà ­a de visas de la diversidad y que tiene por objeto facilitar la inmigracià ³n procedente de paà ­ses con niveles no altos de migracià ³n actual hacia Estados Unidos. Por esta razà ³n, estn excluidos de participar los nacidos en paà ­ses con altas tasas de migracià ³n, como Mà ©xico, Repà ºblica Dominicana o Colombia, por ejemplo.   En la actualidad, la loterà ­a de visas favorece principalmente a los africanos. Entre los paà ­ses de habla espaà ±ola, los venezolanos son los que estn ganando por este sistema ms tarjetas de residencia. De eliminarse este programa de la loterà ­a de visas, los perjudicados serà ­an las 50.000 personas que anualmente obtienen la tarjeta de residencia por medio de este sorteo. Construccià ³n de muro enla frontera entre Estados Unidos y Mà ©xico La construccià ³n del muro, una de las promesas electorales de Trump, tendrà ­a un costo de 25 mil millones de dà ³lares. La Casa Blanca pone como requisito para apoyar cualquier medida de regularizacià ³n migratoria para los Dreamers que el Senado y la Cmara de Representantes aprueben el presupuesto para la construccià ³n del muro y que se incremente la partida de dinero destinada a las labores de control en las zonas fronterizas que llevan acabo la Patrulla Fronteriza (CBP, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) y el ICE, la agencia encargada de ejecutar las leyes migratorias. La construccià ³n del muro tiene una fuerte oposicià ³n en Estados Unidos, ya que un buen nà ºmero de legisladores opinan que es muy caro, que la frontera entre los dos paà ­ses ya est casi en su totalidad separada por una valla y, finalmente, que no servirà ­a realmente para detener completamente la inmigracià ³n indocumentada. Esto porque se estima que ms de la mitad de todos los migrantes indocumentados presentes en Estados Unidos ingresaron legalmente con una visa y, simplemente, perdieron su estatus al no salir del paà ­s dentro de plazo. En este caso, se argumenta que la à ºnica solucià ³n para acabar con la migracià ³n indocumentada serà ­a imposibilitar que pudiese  trabajar mediante la imposicià ³n obligatoria en todas las empresas del sistema e-verify para verificar el estatus migratorio de todos los empleados y acompaà ±arla de altas multas a las empresas que den trabajo a inmigrantes sin los documentos en regla. De construirse el muro, los grandes perjudicados serà ­an los contribuyentes estadounidenses, ya que el dinero no lo pondrà ­a Mà ©xico, como se habà ­a anunciado en el fragor de la  campaà ±a presidencial del 2016. Creacià ³n de sistema de inmigracià ³n por puntos En el caso de una eventual nueva ley migratoria, el Presidente Trump favorece modificar  las categorà ­as que regulan la inmigracià ³n por trabajo estableciendo un sistema de puntos, similar al que existe en  Australia y en Canad. De crearse ese sistema, cada candidato a emigrar recibirà ­a una serie de puntos en funcià ³n de sus caracterà ­sticas personales  como, por ejemplo, educacià ³n, edad, experiencia laboral y conocimientos de inglà ©s. Cuanto mayor fuera su puntaje, mayores serà ­an las posibilidades de obtener una green card. Reforma migratoria para indocumentados que no son Dreamers Se calcula que en Estados Unidos hay unos 11 millones de inmigrantes sin papeles. Las propuestas de reforma solamente  contemplan la regularizacià ³n de los jà ³venes conocidos como Dreamers, lo cual dejarà ­a sin legalizacià ³n a aproximadamente nueve millones de migrantes. Todavà ­a no se ha articulado una propuesta sobre quà © pasarà ­a con ellos, aunque se estima que no resultarà ­a factible deportarlos a pesar de las amenazas que frecuentemente se dicen. Quà © es necesario para que se apruebe una ley de reformamigratoria La reforma migratoria es competencia federal y para que se apruebe una ley es necesario la mayorà ­a simple en la Cmara de Representantes (218 de 435)  y la mayorà ­a simple en el Senado (51 de 100). Una vez que una ley es aprobada por ambas cmaras es necesario que la firme el presidente. Sin embargo,  en el Senado hay un recurso de obstruccià ³n legislativa, que se conoce en inglà ©s como filibuster y  que permite que uno o varios senadores impidan que una propuesta de ley se vote mediante el uso continuo  de la palabra. El filibuster solo puede detenerse cuando no hay  ms senadores dispuestos a hablar o cuando asà ­ lo decidan 3/5 del total de senadores (60 senadores). Esto tiene importantes consecuencias prcticas dada la  actual composicià ³n del Senado, donde 52 senadores son republicanos, es decir, del mismo partido que el presidente. Para levantar un posible el filibuster  que impida votar en la Cmara Alta una propuesta de ley de reforma migratoria del Presidente Trump, los republicanos necesitan al menos ocho votos de senadores demà ³cratas, lo que significa en la prctica que para aprobar esa ley es imprescindible un acuerdo entre los partidos republicano y demà ³crata. Mientras Trump  intenta aprobar una reforma migratoria, es recomendable que los migrantes indocumentados en Estados Unidos se asesoren con abogados u organizaciones con excelente reputacià ³n sobre las posibilidades reales para regularizar su situacià ³n, si es que existe alguna. Este es un artà ­culo informativo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Health, Safety & Aviation Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Health, Safety & Aviation Law - Essay Example l consignment placed on airplane is not practicable, quite a few routine and technology initiatives have been planned to improve air cargo safety and prevent terrorist and illegal threats. These initiatives comprise: develop the ‘identified shipper’ agenda; enhance cargo inspections; raise the physical safety of air cargo services; increase oversight of air cargo operations; give safety training for cargo employees; and strict controls over access to aircraft throughout cargo operations. Other tools being well thought-out to improve air cargo safety includes tamper-resistant and tamper-evident packaging and containers; explosive detection methods and other cargo screening equipment; blast-resistant cargo containers; and biometric methods for employee identification and right of entry control. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act includes broad measures for cargo screening and safety procedures. The freights carried in passenger airplanes ought to be monitored and its safety ensured. Actually, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has faith in ‘known shipper’ programs to avoid consignments from unidentified sources on a passenger airplane. Various safety procedures have been put in practice to alleviate the risks linked with placing freight on passenger airplane and all-cargo aircraft (Elias, 2003). Various threats linked to air cargo safety comprise: carrying of explosive and incendiary devices; consignments of unrevealed or undetected dangerous materials aboard aircraft; cargo offense including theft and smuggling; and aircraft hijackings and disruption by persons with access to aircraft. Authorities have cautioned that air cargo possibly a potential target for terrorists for the reason that screening and scrutiny of air cargo are at present not as extensive as a mandatory screening of passengers and inspected luggage.